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Higher Intakes of Fruits and Vegetables, α‐Linolenic Acid, Vitamin E and β‐carotene are Associated with Improved Periodontal Healing after Periodontal Therapy
Author(s) -
Ward Wendy,
Dodington David,
Fritz Peter,
Sullivan Philip
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.393.1
Subject(s) - medicine , scaling and root planing , eicosapentaenoic acid , periodontitis , vitamin d and neurology , vitamin e , carotene , docosahexaenoic acid , vitamin , fortified food , periodontal disease , food science , antioxidant , chronic periodontitis , fatty acid , polyunsaturated fatty acid , chemistry , biochemistry
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and risk factor for tooth loss. While a link between diet and periodontal health exists, the relationship between diet and healing following periodontal therapy has yet to be investigated. This study determined if higher intakes of foods and nutrients with antioxidant or anti‐inflammatory activity in patients (n=63) with chronic generalized periodontal disease are associated with greater healing – measured as reduced probing depth (PD) ‐ following scaling and root planing (SRP). SRP is a first line cost‐effective treatment to manage periodontal disease and prevent tooth loss. PD was assessed at baseline and between 8 and 16 weeks following SRP. Intakes of fruits, vegetables, β‐carotene, vitamin C, vitamin E, α‐linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were estimated using the Block 2005 food frequency questionnaire and a supplement use questionnaire. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured using an automated immunoassay. PD (% sites > 3 mm) was modeled in multiple linear regression analyses and adjusted for age, sex, BMI, baseline PD, examiner and gingival bleeding. PD was associated with fruit and vegetable intake (β = ‐0.29, p = 0.012), dietary β‐carotene intake (β = ‐0.26, p = 0.027), dietary vitamin E intake (β = ‐0.26, p = 0.043), and dietary ALA intake (β = ‐0.24, p = 0.035) but not other intakes or supplements or serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D. In conclusion, higher intakes of fruits and vegetables, ALA, vitamin E and β‐carotene are associated with reduced PD after SRP and may optimize healing after a periodontal procedure.