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Effect of Fermentable Carbohydrate Intake on Body Fat and Metabolic Criteria in US College Students
Author(s) -
Navrkal Brittany,
Nelson Eric,
Lofgren Ingrid,
Melanson Kathleen
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.379.5
Subject(s) - waist , carbohydrate , prebiotic , fructan , population , zoology , medicine , chemistry , food science , obesity , biology , environmental health , sucrose
Indigestible, fermentable carbohydrates (IFCHO) are bioactive dietary carbohydrates not digested by human enzymes but are fermented into short chain fatty acids and gases by colonic bacteria. IFCHO display prebiotic effects and may influence body fat percent (BF%) and impact metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria. Intake of an IFCHO subclass, oligosaccharides (OS), and OS subclasses fructans (FS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), have not been explored in the general US population. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to observe the effect of OS, FS and GOS intake on BF% and MetS criteria in US college students (n=151, BF%=23.7±9.0%, mean number of MetS criteria=0.8±0.9). Intake of OS, FS and GOS was quantified via the Comprehensive Nutrition Assessment Survey. BF% was measured via BodPod, blood lipids and blood glucose via Cholestech, waist circumference and blood pressure via standardized protocols. Median split was used to classify subjects with high and low intakes of OS, FS, and GOS and were analyzed via ANOVA. Subjects consuming less OS and GOS had higher BF% than those with higher intake (25.4±9.8 vs. 22.0±7.9%; p=.029 and 25.6±9.2 vs. 21.8±8.5%; p=.014 respectively). Subjects consuming less GOS had more MetS criteria compared to those with higher GOS intake (1.0±1.0 vs. 0.6±0.8 factors; p=.004). Significant difference in BF% and MetS criteria were not seen in high vs low FS intake. These results show that higher OS and GOS intake may impact BF% and MetS criteria in US college students. Randomized control trials are needed to further assess potential relationships.