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Resistant Starch Alters Gut Microbiota and Reduces Uremic Retention Solutes in Rats with Adenine‐induced Chronic Kidney Disease
Author(s) -
Kieffer D,
Piccolo B,
Liu S,
Lau W,
Khazaeli M,
Nazertehrani S,
Vaziri N,
Martin R,
Adams S
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.274.4
Subject(s) - firmicutes , kidney disease , resistant starch , endocrinology , gut flora , medicine , urine , creatinine , bacteroidetes , chemistry , kidney , kidney stones , food science , biochemistry , starch , 16s ribosomal rna , gene
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by impaired urinary excretion and accumulation of waste products in the body. Recent observations found patients with CKD have an altered gut microbiome. We hypothesized that supplementation with the fermentable dietary fiber, resistant starch (RS) would alter the gut microbiota and reduce accumulation of waste products in a CKD‐rat model. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats (n=9/grp) were fed chow containing 0.7% adenine (w/w) for 1 wk to induce CKD. Adenine forms crystals in kidney tubules leading to occlusion and subsequent retention of uremic solutes. Rats were then placed on a semi‐purified low‐fiber control diet or 59% RS diet (w/w) for 4 wks. Compared to healthy chow‐fed rats, the CKD rats had 65% reduced creatinine clearance; RS significantly improved this by 35% compared to CKD rats. A cecal bacterial survey indicated an increase in Bacteroidetes (by 47%, p<0.001) and decrease in Firmicutes (by 29%, p<0.001) in RS‐fed rats. Metabolomics of liver, serum, urine, and cecal contents revealed reductions in many uremic retention solutes; i.e., serum and urine microbial‐derived indoxyl‐sulfate was decreased (by 36% and 66% vs. CKD rats, p<0.05). These results demonstrate the potential for RS as a dietary treatment for CKD, considering its actions to alter the gut microbiota and reduce accumulation of microbial‐derived uremic retention solutes. Funding Danish Council for Strategic Research, USDA‐ARS Intramural Project 5306‐51530‐019‐00.