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Enzyme‐treated Wheat Bran Alters Gut Microbiota and Liver Metabolome in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet
Author(s) -
Kieffer D,
Martin R,
Marco M,
Kim E,
Keenan M,
Knudsen K,
Dunn T,
Adams S,
Piccolo B
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.258.6
Subject(s) - metabolome , bran , gut flora , firmicutes , biology , metabolism , bacteroidetes , resistant starch , microbiome , food science , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , starch , metabolite , 16s ribosomal rna , gene , raw material , ecology , bioinformatics
Enzyme‐treated wheat bran (ETWB) is a fermentable dietary fiber shown to decrease body fat and modify the gut microbiome. However, it is not clear how these microbiome changes impact peripheral tissue metabolism. We hypothesized supplementation with ETWB would change gut‐derived signals reaching the liver, in turn altering hepatic metabolism. To assess the effects of ETWB on the liver metabolome, male C57Bl/6 mice were fed a 45% fat diet for 10 wks supplemented with ETWB (20% w/w) or rapidly digestible starch (n=15/grp). Body weight and liver triglycerides were decreased by ETWB feeding (by 10%, 25%, p<0.05). The cecal microbiome had an increase in Bacteroidetes (by 42%, p<0.05) and decrease in Firmicutes (by 16%, p<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified the following variables as strong discriminators between the groups: increased liver reactive oxygen species and decreased antioxidants (glutathione and α‐tocopherol), increased plasma β‐hydroxybutyrate and hydrocinnamic acid (HA is a phenolic compound present in wheat bran, liberated by microbial action). HA has been associated with metabolic outcomes including improved blood glucose levels. Together, these changes indicate dietary fibers such as ETWB regulate hepatic metabolism, likely through gut‐derived signals that impact the liver and emanate from shifts in gut microbe communities or their activities. Funding: Danish Council for Strategic Research, USDA‐ARS Intramural Proj. 5306‐51530‐019‐00.