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NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1)‐mediated Reactive Oxygen Species generation stimulate gut homeostasis and restitution
Author(s) -
Darby Trevor,
Jones Rheinallt
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.142.6
Subject(s) - nox1 , microbiology and biotechnology , reactive oxygen species , nadph oxidase , biology , stem cell , cellular differentiation , homeostasis , intestinal mucosa , biochemistry , medicine , gene
It is well established that physiological generation of low levels of ROS act as critical second messengers in multiple signaling pathways. These include the regulatory networks that control growth and differentiation in disparate biological systems, including the gut of many metazoans. However, the molecular mechanism of ROS production within the intestine is unknown. Recent reports have shown that the ROS‐generating enzyme NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) is highly expressed by colon epithelia. Here, we report that ROS generation by Nox1 in the murine colon is necessary for normal intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Gut epithelial‐specific Nox1‐null mice exhibited increased cell‐death at the base of the crypt, altered differentiation, and slower recovery rates following gut injury. Together, these results implicate Nox1 as an essential protein in epithelial cell homeostasis and response to injury, and reveal a novel mechanism for the maintenance of intestinal tissue structure.