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Validation of Stable Isotope Ratios as Biomarkers of Meat, Fish, and Soda Intake
Author(s) -
O'Brien Diane,
Votruba Susanne,
Krakoff Jonathan
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.131.4
Subject(s) - factorial experiment , zoology , fish <actinopterygii> , chemistry , isotopes of nitrogen , nitrogen , red meat , food science , isotope , biology , fishery , mathematics , statistics , organic chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
Objective The objective of our study is to test whether stable isotope ratios of carbon ( 13 C/ 12 C) and nitrogen ( 15 N/ 14 N) can distinguish intakes of fish, meat, and soda. Methods Sixteen men (42±9 yrs, BMI 26.4±3.8 kg/m 2 ) were inpatients at the NIDDK in Phoenix, AZ, for 14 weeks. Dietary effects on plasma and RBC 13 C and 15 N were tested using a factorial design, with three intake variables (meat/fish/ soda) present at two levels (present/absent), against a common, background diet (50%cho, 30%fat, 20%pro). Blood was drawn biweekly and hair was sampled post diet intervention. Measurements were conducted via continuous flow IRMS. Plasma and RBC data were analyzed with factorial ANCOVA, including week as a covariate and diet X week interactions. Only significant main effects are presented here. Hair data were analyzed with factorial ANOVA. Results The carbon isotope ratio of plasma was elevated when diets included soda (ß = 0.22 ± 0.05, P < 0.0001) and meat (ß = 0.19 ± 0.05, P = 0.0001). The nitrogen isotope ratio of plasma was elevated when diets included fish (ß = 0.28 ± 0.03, P < 0.0001) and meat (ß = 0.22 ± 0.03, P < 0.0001). Results were similar for RBC. In hair, the carbon isotope ratio was elevated when diets included soda (ß = 0.77 ± 0.3, P = 0.02), and the nitrogen isotope ratio was elevated when diets included fish (ß = 0.4 ± 0.2, P = 0.02) and meat (ß = 0.5 ± 0.2, P = 0.005). Conclusions These results indicate that natural enrichment of 13 C /12 C and 15 N/ 14 N in plasma, RBC, and hair may serve as biomarkers for meat, fish and soda intake, and establish a role for stable isotopes in distinguishing longer term dietary patterns. This research was supported through intramural funds of the NIDDK.