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Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and the Gut Microbiome
Author(s) -
Ilhan Zehra
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.105.1
Subject(s) - weight loss , microbiome , gut flora , metabolome , obesity , gastric bypass surgery , dysbiosis , medicine , body mass index , gastroenterology , biology , gastric bypass , physiology , bioinformatics , immunology , metabolite
The long‐term success of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery varies among patients; however, microbiota structure and how it affects success of the surgery in the long‐term are unknown. We hypothesize that the microbiome plays a role in successful and sustainable weight loss after RYGB surgery. We recruited post‐RYGB (> 13 months), normal‐weight, and morbidly obese subjects and categorized the RYGB subjects into successful (S‐RYGB) and unsuccessful (U‐RYGB) groups based on their initial weight loss and subsequent weight regain. We investigated gut microbiota's structure and function using16S rDNA sequencing and the metabolome using H‐NMR. Phylotype diversity (PD Whole Tree index), an indicator of the microbiome stability and function, was higher in the normal‐weight and S‐RYGB groups. High abundance of Enterobacteriales in RYGB groups showed that their abundance was not due to antibiotic treatment for surgery, but likely due to environmental changes imposed on the community due to the rearranged gut anatomy. Generally, fermentation products were higher in fecal samples of obese individuals and lower for the RYGB groups. More importantly, specific amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan were more abundant in the S‐RYGB group. Careful analysis of our wide range of genomic and metabolic data is helping us uncover possible mechanisms for the hypothesized role of the gut microbiome and successful weight loss after RYGB.