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Cardiosomes and Cardiac Remodeling: Role of Exercise
Author(s) -
Chaturvedi Pankaj,
Kalani Anuradha,
Tyagi Suresh
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.1038.4
Subject(s) - microvesicles , medicine , ventricular remodeling , exosome , microrna , mmp9 , paracrine signalling , diabetes mellitus , myocyte , microbiology and biotechnology , elastin , endocrinology , heart failure , cardiology , biology , downregulation and upregulation , pathology , gene , receptor , biochemistry
Recent findings that exosomes are released from myocytes have pumped up the role of exosomes in cardiac remodeling. Our electron microscopy findings show the release of exosomes from endothelial cells of heart vessels by budding and presence of exosomes in the close vicinity of myocytes and in the extracellular spaces. These exosomes can be termed as ‘cardiosomes’. Although exercise reduces cardiovascular risks including diabetes, the impact of exercise on cardiosomes and consequently cardiac remodeling is unclear. We hypothesize that exosomes released during exercise in diabetes, contain paracrine factors including microRNAs (122a, 455, 29b, 323‐5p and 466) that can bind to the remodeling genes MMPs and TIMPs and affect their expression and hence prevent adverse remodeling in diabetics. To test this hypothesis, we are using 1) db/db mice 1) db/+ mice as controls with and without exercise and investigating the content and amount of exosome release from the heart. The heart function in diabetic mice was assessed by echocardiograph and remodeling was assessed by collagen/elastin ratio and MMP/TIMP ratio. MicroRNAs were assessed by qPCR. Our data suggested that there is exquisite release of exosomes in the diabetic heart with exercise as compared to non‐exercise. The exosomes when evaluated contained high levels of mir29b and 455 which can bind to the 3′ region of MMP9 to bring down its expression and alleviate cardiac remodeling. This is a novel study which suggests that exercise releases exosomes that contain microRNAs which affect the remodeling genes in the heart and hence prevent adverse effects in diabetes.