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Administration of Probiotics Normalizes Deficits in the Microbiota‐Gut‐Brain Axis Induced by DSS‐Colitis
Author(s) -
Huynh Kevin,
Emge Jake,
Reardon Colin,
Barrett Kim,
Gareau Melanie
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.1010.1
Subject(s) - colitis , inflammatory bowel disease , gut flora , context (archaeology) , medicine , lactobacillus rhamnosus , gut–brain axis , dysbiosis , mood , irritable bowel syndrome , gastroenterology , disease , immunology , probiotic , biology , psychiatry , bacteria , paleontology , genetics
Altered behavior and mood disorders, including anxiety, depression and cognitive dysfunction, occur in the context of intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and affect patient quality of life. Our aim was to determine whether colonic inflammation precipitates behavioral defects and whether these changes can be ameliorated by probiotics. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was administered to 6‐7 week old C57BL/6 mice via drinking water for 5 days followed by either 3 days (8 d post‐DSS) or 9 days (14 d post‐DSS) of normal drinking water. A subset of mice was given probiotics ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus [R0011] and L. helveticus [R0052]; 10 9 CFU/ml orally) starting 7 days prior to DSS and continuing until the end of the experiment. Changes in weight, colon length, behavior and microbiota were assessed. At 8 d post‐DSS, weight loss and colonic shortening (both p<0.01) were observed, indicating colonic disease. Dysbiosis was also observed. DSS mice ( vs. controls) demonstrated impairments in recognition memory (p<0.01) and the presence of anxiety‐like behavior (p<0.05), which were both resolved by 14 d post‐DSS. Probiotics ameliorated colonic disease (p<0.05) and defects in behavior (p<0.05), and partially restored the microbiota. Taken together, these findings indicate the presence of dysregulation of the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis in the setting of DSS‐induced colitis that can be prevented by treatment with probiotics.