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Variations in the anatomical structures surrounding the transverse process of the atlas (C1) in 15 cadavers (915.14)
Author(s) -
Kim PilWoo,
LedwitzRigby Florence
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.915.14
Subject(s) - cadaver , anatomy , medicine , dissection (medical) , atlas (anatomy) , internal jugular vein , internal carotid artery , gross anatomy , vein , radiology , surgery
The anatomical structures adjacent to the Transverse Process of Atlas (TPA) were examined by dissection in 15 cadavers age 65‐85 from 2009 to 2013. The TPA is the surgical land mark of the upper cervical area for many surgeons. The styloid process can be exposed anterior to the TPA. The internal jugular vein, Cranial Nerves (CN) XI, XII, X, IX, internal carotid artery, and sympathetic nerve are also located anterior to the TPA. In 13 cadavers, the styloid processes were elongated to 2‐3 cm lateral to medial in the middle of the TPA. In 10 cadavers, Internal jugular vein, CN XI, CNXII, CN X, and CN IX were located between the TPA and styloid process. There were 3‐5mm spaces between the TPA and styloid processes. In 3 cadavers, the styloid processes angled less, so that the CN IX was not between those bony structures. The other 2 cadavers’ styloid processes were about 1cm, so the nerves were between the TPA and the stylopharyngeus muscle. These anatomical variations amongst the individuals are relevant for surgical procedures and to understand the origin of peripheral nerve tumors that grow into the brain.