Formulation of the Total Western Diet 2, a whole food‐based rodent diet that emulates average American micro‐ and macronutrient intakes for colorectal cancer and gut microflora studies (816.6)

Previously, we used NHANES data to formulate the TWD, a rodent diet that emulates average American intake levels for macro and micronutrients using nutrient density. We have demonstrated that the TWD increases basal CRC by ~2‐fold compared to the standard AIN93‐G diet in two different models. However, the TWD is comprised of purified ingredients and does not recapitulate the complex food matrix consumed by Americans. Using the latest version of the USDA Food Intakes Converted to Retail Commodities Database, we modified the TWD by using the most commonly consumed whole foods as ingredients. The TWD2 has the same micro and macronutrient content as the previous TWD but contains 25 ingredients including: sweeteners (sucrose and high fructose corn syrup), flours (wheat, potato, corn, rice and oat), meats (beef, poultry, pork, eggs and fish), dairy (lactose, whey and casein) and fruits/vegetables (oranges, apples, bananas, grapes, strawberries, soy, snap beans, peanuts and cashews). Whole foods were cooked (meats), freeze‐dried and homogenized. Only low fat foods were used and the dietary fat profile was adjusted to the American average by adding a diverse blend of oils. Ingredients were then blended, pelleted and baked to dryness. The TWD2 will narrow the gap between human nutrition and rodent models as the food matrix, secondary compounds and cooking byproducts have been shown to influence CRC and gut microflora. Grant Funding Source : Utah Agricultural Experiment Station