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Dietary patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review (628.14)
Author(s) -
Stoody Eve,
McGrane Mary,
MacNeil Patricia,
Altman Jean,
Fungwe Thomas,
Lyon Joan,
Obbagy Julie,
Wong Yat Ping,
Spahn Joanne
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.628.14
Subject(s) - medicine , cochrane library , randomized controlled trial , meta analysis , systematic review , disease , cohort study , medline , environmental health , biology , biochemistry
USDA’s Nutrition Evidence Library, in collaboration with a Technical Expert Collaborative, conducted a series of systematic reviews to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and cardiovascular disease (CVD). PubMed, Embase, Navigator and Cochrane were searched for original research articles published in English in peer‐reviewed journals from January 1980 to November 2012. Studies with subjects who were healthy or at elevated chronic disease risk from countries with high or very high human development were considered. Studies were required to have 蠅30 subjects per arm and a follow‐up of 蠅80%. 7000 titles were screened, 1500 abstracts underwent dual review, and 101 articles were included (84 from prospective cohorts, 17 from randomized controlled trials (RCT)). Articles were reviewed based on methods used to assess dietary patterns: index analysis, factor/cluster analysis (F/C), reduced rank regression (RRR) or other. Limited conclusions could be drawn from the F/C and RRR reviews due to inconsistent and insufficient evidence, respectively. The strongest, most consistent evidence was from positive‐quality cohort studies using index analysis and RCTs testing specific patterns. Overall, dietary patterns characterized by regular consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low fat dairy and fish, and low in red and processed meat and added sugars, were associated with decreased risk of CVD.