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lmpact of various dietary oils on expression levels of inflammatory genes: a randomized crossover controlled nutritional intervention (40.6)
Author(s) -
Labonté MarieEve,
Couture Patrick,
Vohl MarieClaude,
Jenkins David,
Connelly Philip,
West Sheila,
KrisEtherton Penny,
Jones Peter,
Lamarche Benoît
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.40.6
Subject(s) - canola , docosahexaenoic acid , crossover study , linoleic acid , eicosapentaenoic acid , food science , fish oil , blood lipids , latin square , biology , gene expression , polyunsaturated fatty acid , chemistry , zoology , fatty acid , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , cholesterol , gene , fermentation , rumen , alternative medicine , pathology , fishery , fish <actinopterygii> , placebo
Consumption of a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)‐enriched canola oil was shown to have anti‐inflammatory effects compared with a control diet rich in linoleic acid (LA) and a diet rich in flax oil and alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA). We further investigated the impact of these oils on the expression of key inflammatory genes in whole blood cells as part of the Canola Oil Multicenter Intervention Trial (COMIT). A total of 118 men and women with abdominal obesity and at least one other criterion for metabolic syndrome consumed 5 isoenergetic diets for 4 weeks each according to a randomized, crossover design. Each diet provided 60 g/3000 kcal of various experimental oils. Here we report the impact of 3 of these 5 oils: 1‐ CONTROL high LA corn/safflower oil (LA 41.6 g; ALA 0.2 g; n6/n3 ratio 208:1), 2‐ FLAX oil (LA 22.5 g; ALA 19.2 g; n6/n3 ratio 1.2:1), 3‐ High DHA canola (DHA‐CAN; LA 7.6 g; ALA 1.2 g; DHA 3.5 g; n6/n3 ratio 1.2:1). Inflammatory gene expression in whole blood cells at the end of each diet was assessed by real‐time PCR in a subset of 66 individuals. DHA‐CAN lowered mRNA expression of interleukin(IL)‐1β compared with CONTROL (fold change 0.90, P =0.03) and FLAX (fold change 0.89, P =0.03). There was no between‐diet difference in the expression of other inflammatory genes and transcription factors. These data suggest that anti‐inflammatory effects of DHA compared with n3 and n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid rich oils from plant sources occur at least in part through a reduction in the expression of IL‐1β. Grant Funding Source : Supported by the Canola Council of Canada, Flax 2015 and Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada