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Dietary n‐3 fatty acids differentially modulate cecal bacterial populations and intestinal inflammation in colitis‐prone mice (382.4)
Author(s) -
Comstock Sarah,
Auchtung Jennifer,
Gurzell Eric,
Langohr Ingeborg,
Britton Robert,
Fenton Jenifer
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.382.4
Subject(s) - docosahexaenoic acid , biology , bacteroidetes , fish oil , inflammation , eicosapentaenoic acid , polyunsaturated fatty acid , colitis , firmicutes , inflammatory bowel disease , microbiology and biotechnology , cecum , bacteria , docosapentaenoic acid , food science , fatty acid , immunology , medicine , biochemistry , disease , 16s ribosomal rna , fish <actinopterygii> , ecology , genetics , fishery
30% of adults in the United States take n‐3 supplements. Dietary lipids, including n‐3 fatty acids, alter an individual’s risk for developing inflammatory bowel disease. However, the effect of dietary n‐3 on gut bacterial populations is poorly described. To determine if dietary fish oil alters gut‐associated bacterial populations, colitis‐prone mice were fed diets containing soybean oil (CON), menhaden fish oil (MO), docosahexaenoic acid‐rich fish oil (DFO) or eicosapentaenoic acid‐rich fish oil (EFO) for five weeks. Cecal and colon inflammation and dysplasia were scored. To identify bacteria, the V3‐V5 variable regions in the 16S rRNA gene were amplified from cecal content DNA. Amplicons were sequenced by 454 and data was processed with mothur. DFO mice had similar amounts of Firmicutes and tended to have more Bacteroidetes than CON or MO mice. The increased abundance of Bacteroidetes in DFO mice was driven by the family Porphyromonadaceae . Porphyromonadaceae abundance was highest in DFO mice with intestinal inflammation and lowest in CON mice with little intestinal inflammation. This difference was due to increased abundance of members of the genus Parabacteroides in DFO mice with intestinal inflammation . Diet‐induced changes in cecal bacteria prior to bacterial infection may explain the exacerbation of bacterially‐induced inflammatory colitis in mice fed DFO.