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Daily pistachio consumption benefits multiple cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes (272.3)
Author(s) -
West Sheila,
Sauder Katherine,
McCrea Cindy,
Ulbrecht Jan,
KrisEtherton Penny
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.272.3
Subject(s) - medicine , type 2 diabetes , blood pressure , saturated fat , diabetes mellitus , crossover study , endocrinology , fructosamine , insulin resistance , lipid profile , calorie , cholesterol , placebo , alternative medicine , pathology
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes, and dietary modification continues to be the first line of therapy recommended for risk management. This study compared the effects of two healthy diets that differed in fat content on multiple cardiovascular risk factors. We enrolled 30 adults with type 2 diabetes in a randomized, crossover, controlled‐feeding study with isocaloric diet periods. After a 2wk run‐in on a typical Western diet (36% total fat, 12% saturated fat), participants consumed a low‐fat control diet (27% total fat, 7% saturated fat) and a moderate fat pistachio diet (33% total fat, 7% saturated fat) for 4wk each. While on the pistachio diet, participants consumed pistachios equivalent to 20% of daily calories (ranging from 2‐5 ounces/day). At the end of each diet period, we assessed blood pressure, systemic hemodynamics, lipids and lipoproteins, glucose control, endothelial function, inflammation, and heart rate variability. Treatment effects were assessed with the mixed models procedure in SAS v9.3. Compared to the low‐fat control diet, the pistachio diet reduced total peripheral resistance (1682 vs 1746 dyne‐sec/cm5), systolic ambulatory blood pressure (113.8 vs 117.3 mmHg), fasting triglycerides (140 vs 164 mg/dl), the total:HDL cholesterol ratio (4.0 vs. 4.3), and fructosamine (228 vs 233 µmol/L); and improved several indices of heart rate variability. There was no difference between treatments in resting blood pressure, endothelial function, fasting glucose, and inflammation. This study provides further evidence that daily pistachio consumption can improve the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with type 2 diabetes. Grant Funding Source : Supported by American Pistachio Growers