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Peroxisomal biogenesis occurs in response to obesity and to a high lipid environment in human skeletal muscle (1159.5)
Author(s) -
Huang TaiYu,
Zheng Donghai,
MullerBorer Barbara,
Collins Maria,
Noland Robert,
Funai Katsuhiko,
Hickner Robert,
Cortright Ronald
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.1159.5
Subject(s) - peroxisome , skeletal muscle , myogenesis , mitochondrion , beta oxidation , mitochondrial biogenesis , biology , medicine , biochemistry , endocrinology , lipid droplet , myocyte , fatty acid , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , gene
Obesity is associated with elevated levels of lipids and reductions in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle, both of which are associated with insulin resistance. Known almost exclusively for their actions in liver, peroxisomes are critical subcellular compartments essential for chain‐shortening very long‐ and long‐chain fatty acids to acyl‐carnitines which are hypothesized to permit CPT‐1 independent entry into the mitochondria for subsequent oxidation. We hypothesize that peroxisomes proliferate in human skeletal muscle as an adaptive response to a high lipid environment to facilitate mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Assays for peroxisomal membrane protein 70 (PMP70) and peroxisomal biogenesis factor PEX 19 protein content, and peroxisomal‐mitochondrial co‐localization were assessed in vastus lateralis from obese and lean humans and after lipid incubation in human skeletal muscle primary myotubes. Results: 1) A peroxisomal‐mitochondrial co‐localization was identified in human skeletal muscle 2) Peroxisomal abundance (PEX 19) was elevated (P<0.05) with obesity and 3) lipid oversupply leads to induction of the peroxisomal marker PMP70 (P<0.05) in human primary myotubes. Conclusion: Peroxisomes co‐localize with mitochondria and compared to leans, their abundance in skeletal muscle from obese individuals is significantly elevated and is responsive to lipid oversupply.