Synergy of high salt and high fat diet on kidney injury and adiposity (1086.1)

The western‐style diet is a major risk factor for impaired kidney function and chronic kidney disease. The goal of the present study was to determine the relationship of high salt and high fat diet on kidney injury and adiposity. Male Sprague Dawley rats were placed on one of four specific diets for two weeks: (1) Vehicle (control, 0.4% NaCl); (2) high fat (HF, 36% fat); (3) high salt (HS, 4% NaCl); (4) high fat/high salt (HF/HS, 36% fat, 4% NaCl). At the end of the two‐week treatment, rats were placed in metabolic cages for 24 hour urine collection. HS treated rats had significantly higher protein excretion in compared to HF and HF/HS groups (HS: 35.8±6.7, HF: 11.8±1.9, HF/HS: 14.6±2.6 mg/day, p<0.05). Additionally, the HS group had significantly larger kidneys than control and HF groups (HS: 0.35±0.01, control: 0.30±0.01, HF: 0.29±0.01 g/100 g bwt, p<0.05). Furthermore, HF fed rats had significantly higher epididymal fat to body weight ratio than control or HS or HF/HS diet groups (HF: 0.75±0.05, control: 0.59+0.03, HS: 0.49±0.03, HF/HS: 0.60±0.04 g/100 g bwt, p<0.05). The HF diet is hypercaloric compared to the HS or control diet and so animals consumed less food when on the HF diet. In summary, a high fat consumption attenuated the effects of a high salt diet on renal hypertrophy and damage. In addition, a high salt diet appears to reduce high fat induced adiposity. These findings demonstrate a surprising synergy between these two aspects of the Western diet, fat and salt. Grant Funding Source : PO1 HL‐95499