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Beneficial effect of melatonin and treadmill exercise on remodeling of neural circuit after focal cerebral ischemia in rats
Author(s) -
Lee Seunghoon,
Hong Yunkyung,
Hong Yonggeun
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.934.9
Subject(s) - medicine , neuroprotection , melatonin , ischemia , neuroinflammation , wallerian degeneration , corticospinal tract , anesthesia , spinal cord injury , neuroscience , spinal cord , anatomy , inflammation , magnetic resonance imaging , psychology , radiology , psychiatry , diffusion mri
The promotion of post‐ischemic motor recovery remains a major challenge in clinical neurology. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of melatonin (MT) and/or treadmill exercise (Ex) on remodeling of neural circuit after focal cerebral ischemia. Following the MCAo, the 8‐week‐old Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats were treated twice daily with MT (10 mg/kg) at 7:00 and 19:00 hr and control group were treated with physiological saline (vehicle) instead of MT. Also, the rats were trained twice daily with Ex (20 m/min) at 17:00 and 22:00 hr. We clarified that MT could be induced the reorganization of brain structure both hemispheres via NeuN and NG2 positive immunostaining. Furthermore, we determined that ischemic brain injury promotes to wallerian degeneration from brain to spinal cord, and melatonin is not only attenuated to wallerian degeneration after MCAo but also the rescue of neural cells, including neurons and oligodendrocytes. In conclusion, we identified that ischemic brain injury promoted to destroy of brain structure as well as breakdown of corticospinal tract for transduction of motor impulse to peripheral nerve. We established that melatonin has a neuroprotective effect on acute phase after MCAo. Moreover, there has a synergistic effect to treadmill exercise dual application for structural and functional recovery after focal cerebral ischemia.