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Respiratory responses to over‐pressurization blast injury rats exposed to hypercapnia
Author(s) -
Adams Sherry,
Condrey Jillian A.,
Tsai HsiuWen,
Prima Victor,
Svetlov Stanislav,
Sumners Colin,
Davenport Paul
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.930.11
Subject(s) - anesthesia , hypercapnia , respiratory system , medicine , overpressure , traumatic brain injury , anatomy , acidosis , physics , psychiatry , thermodynamics
Blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often the result of an explosion generating an over‐pressurization blast (OB) wave in close proximity to the individual producing closed‐head brain injury. Individuals experiencing blast TBI have respiratory changes directly correlated with the blast‐induced TBI. An OB injury rat model was used in this study to test the hypothesis that exposure to OB would alter respiratory compensation when challenged with hypercapnia. An increase in respiratory drive is expected with an increase in CO 2 exposure. The animals were anesthetized and the OB brain injury produced by a compressed air‐driven shock tube directed at the dorsal surface of the head of the rat with an average peak overpressure of 90 psi at the shock‐tube and 52 psi at the dorsal surface of the skull with a total duration of 10 msec of blast exposure. The body was protected from the pressure wave by a plexiglass cover. The diaphragm EMG activity (dEMG) was recorded with electrodes implanted 3–7 days prior to the OB. The dEMG recordings were obtained for 2.5 minutes of baseline recording while on 100% O 2 , 5 minutes of hypercapnia while receiving 4% CO 2 , and 2.5 minutes of post‐hypercapnia baseline at 100% O 2 . There were significant changes seen behavioral functions with increased anxiety and decreased somatosensory reflexes. Dorsal head blast has a dominant effect on cortical function but does not affect hypercapnic sensitivity.