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CAP37: A Marker of Neuroinflammation
Author(s) -
Brock Amanda J,
KasusJacobi Anne,
Lerner Megan,
Adesina Adekunle M,
Pereira Anne
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.873.9
Subject(s) - biomarker , drusen , neuroinflammation , macular degeneration , dementia , pathology , vascular dementia , immunohistochemistry , disease , biology , medicine , ophthalmology , biochemistry
As the pathology of many neurodegenerative diseases begins several years before symptoms manifest, there is an urgent need to determine early biomarkers so proper therapies can be implemented to halt or slow disease progression. Previous findings demonstrated cationic antimicrobial protein of m.w. 37kDa (CAP37), an innate immune system molecule, to be a potent modulator of microglial functions. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CAP37 could serve as an early biomarker of neuroinflammation. Tissues from brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease (PiD), and Vascular Dementia patients, and from retinas of Age‐related Macular Degeneration (AMD) patients and age‐matched controls were analyzed for the presence of CAP37 using immunohistochemistry. Our results show that CAP37 is expressed in cortical neurons in temporal and parietal lobes of AD and PiD patients, and expressed at a lower frequency in controls. CAP37 was also found in CA3 and CA4 regions of the hippocampus. In Vascular Dementia patients, CAP37 was confined to endothelial cells and neutrophils. Staining also demonstrated CAP37 in photoreceptors, endothelial cells, and drusen of AMD patients, and was absent in these regions in controls. In conclusion, based on the presence of CAP37 in key neurodegenerative diseases, our hypothesis is that CAP37 is a potential early biomarker. Support: OCAST HR12–068 & NEI 5R01EY015534