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Grape intake exerts diverse tissue pharmacogenomic effects in model of metabolic syndrome
Author(s) -
Seymour E Mitchell,
Lewis Sarah,
Bolling Steven F
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.862.22
Subject(s) - endocrinology , medicine , oxidative stress , metabolic syndrome , antioxidant , grape seed extract , diabetes mellitus , obesity , fatty liver , abdominal obesity , skeletal muscle , pharmacodynamics , pharmacology , biology , disease , pharmacokinetics , biochemistry , pathology , alternative medicine
The metabolic syndrome (MSn) predisposes one to Type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and inflammation and oxidative stress participate in MSn‐related organ pathophysiology. Intake of fruits/vegetables modifies risk of MSn, and phytochemicals and their pharmacodynamic effects may be vital to these observed health effects. Grapes are a rich, whole‐food source of phytochemicals. In the obesity‐prone Zucker Fatty rat, we tested the effect of an American‐style diet with added whole table grape powder (3% w:w). Rats were fed for 90 days. Compared to a macronutrient and calorie‐matched control group, grape intake significantly reduced serum C‐reactive protein, TNF‐α, and IL‐6. Grape also reduced liver, kidney, and abdominal fat weight amongst several other phenotypes. Pharmacodynamic effect was measured by changes in NF‐κB‐related and antioxidant‐related mRNA/proteins in the heart, abdominal fat, skeletal muscle, liver, brain, renal cortex, and renal medulla. NF‐κB‐related mRNA/proteins appear most significantly reduced in liver and abdominal fat. Antioxidant defense mRNA/proteins were most significantly increased in liver and renal cortex. Grape pharmacogenomic effects may be critical because these tissues/organs participate in MSn phenotypes like fatty liver, hypertension, and central adiposity. Supported by California Table Grape Commission, F31HL087720, and R21AT004588.