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Effects of pioglitazone on fatty acid desaturation and fat accumulation in rat tissues
Author(s) -
Ochiai Masaru,
Matsuo Tatsuhiro
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.856.6
Subject(s) - pioglitazone , medicine , chemistry , endocrinology , skeletal muscle , insulin resistance , oleic acid , stearic acid , fatty acid , sucrose , diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , biochemistry , biology , organic chemistry
Insulin resistance (IR) is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes, but little has been well known about metabolism of fatty acids (FA) in skeletal muscle with IR. Especially, the relationships between desaturation of FA in several tissues and IR have not well been clarified. In this study, we investigated the effects of repeated administration of pioglitazone (PGZ), an anti‐diabetic drug, on desaturation of FA and fat accumulation in rat tissues. Seventeen male Wistar rats divided into control (C, n=9) or PGZ (P, n=8) group, and then all rats were fed a diet high in fat and sucrose for 8 weeks. PGZ (3 mg/kg) or vehicle was orally administered daily to rats in the P group or C group, respectively. After the test period, all rats were sacrificed, and the samples were kept at −80°C until analysis. Levels of serum biochemical components, tissue triacylglycerols (TG), and FA compositions of serum and tissues were analyzed. TG and cholesterol contents in the liver were significantly lower in the P group than in the C group. In contrast, TG contents in the heart and skeletal muscles were significantly higher in the P group than in the C group. In parallel with the increase of tissue TG level, percentages of palmitoleic (C16:1) and oleic (C18:1) acids were significantly increased, and percentages of palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids were conversely decreased by the administration of PGZ. Therefore, FA desaturation indexes, ratios of C16:1/C16:0 and C18:1/C18:0, of the heart and skeletal muscles were significantly higher in the P group than in the C group. The C18:1/C18:0 ratio of the liver was conversely lower in the P group than the C group. The administration of PGZ significantly suppressed serum glucose levels. In conclusion, the administration of PGZ influenced the fat accumulation and FA profiles tissue‐specifically. The FA desaturation indexes in the liver and skeletal muscles could be important indicators of IR in rat. Grant Funding Source : Kagawa University