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Examination of Chondroitin Sulfate Molecular Weights on In Vitro Anti‐inflammatory Activity
Author(s) -
Surapaneni Lahari,
HaleyZitlin Vivian,
Bodine Ashby,
Jiang Xiuping,
Brooks James
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.846.15
Subject(s) - lipopolysaccharide , chondroitin sulfate , chemistry , tumor necrosis factor alpha , nitric oxide , incubation , in vitro , macrophage , proinflammatory cytokine , molecular mass , interleukin , macrophage inflammatory protein , microbiology and biotechnology , nitric oxide synthase , inflammation , biochemistry , cytokine , immunology , biology , enzyme , glycosaminoglycan , organic chemistry
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate if anti‐inflammatory activity of chondroitin sulfate (CS) is affected by molecular weight. Methods Murine macrophage cells were pre incubated with 8 different CS samples (mol. wt. 7 kDa to 35 kDa) for an hour followed by addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Following further incubation for 4 hours, the anti‐inflammatory activity of CS samples was assessed by measurement of the ability of CS samples to inhibit expression of a panel of inflammatory cytokines; tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), Interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β) and Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). These inflammatory markers were quantitatively measured using ELISA. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production was determined using Greiss reagent. Results At concentrations 5μg/ml and 15 μg/ml, CS samples significantly inhibited expression of LPS induced TNF‐α and IL‐1β. Expression of IL‐6 was inhibited by selected CS samples at 15 μg/ml concentration but not at 5μg/ml. No CS samples inhibited the expression of NO. Statistical analysis revealed no correlation between molecular weight and the inflammatory markers examined. Conclusion CS samples exhibited selective inhibition of inflammatory cytokines but no correlation was noted between the molecular weights and anti‐inflammatory activity of these samples. Grant Funding Source : Pharmavite, Inc.