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Development of a point‐of‐use, iron fortification technology of nixtamalized corn masa for rural communities in Central America
Author(s) -
TorresAguilar Pablo Cesar,
Chen Chen,
Jacobson Brian,
Lee Youngsoo,
Andrade Juan E.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.845.20
Subject(s) - pellets , pellet , fortification , grinding , ferrous , chemistry , food science , metallurgy , materials science , composite material
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is major health concern. Fortification of nixtamalized corn (NC) for tortillas at the point of wet grinding could be an effective strategy against IDA in rural Central America. Process of making iron containing extruded pellets (IEP) and their addition to NC is presented. IEPs will be added to NC previous to grinding at local milling facilities. Welly Puffing extruder set at a feed rate of 60 g/min was used to create brown rice:corn grits (1:1, w/w) pellets. Two chelated Fe sources were evaluated, ferric NaEDTA (FeNaEDTA) and ferrous bisglycinate (FeBG). Fe solutions were pumped (2 mL/min) to target levels, 0.4 mg/g or 1 mg/g pellet, respectively. Process stability was evaluated from 0.5 to 19 min from Fe addition. IEPs were added to NC at different amounts,12.5, 25, 50 g pellet/kg NC, resulting in target levels of 8.2, 16.3 and 32.6 (FeBG) and 3.9, 7.8 15.65 (FeNaEDTA) mg Fe/kg of masa. Fe recoveries in IEPs upon processing were 78.3±5% and 65.3±3.8 % for FeNaEDTA and FeBG, respectively; with homogenous distribution for both iron sources after 14 min of processing (Brown and Forsythe P>;0.1). IEPs dimensions (l×ø) from both sources were similar, 16.7±1.1 × 11.4±0.9 mm. Fe source changed color in pellets, but it did not affect masa color. Iron distributed well in NC masa fortified with both EIPs. Our technology shows the feasibility of Fe fortification at the point of NC grinding using extruded materials. Grant Funding Source : ACES SAO Ayre Fellowship, Hatch