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Plasma and breastmilk selenium in HIV‐infected Malawian mothers is positively associated with infant selenium status at 2 or 6 and 24 weeks post‐partum but is not associated with maternal supplementation
Author(s) -
Flax Valerie L.,
Bentley Margaret E.,
Combs Gerald F.,
Chasela Charles S.,
Kayira Dumbani,
Tegha Gerald,
Daza Eric J.,
Kourtis Athena P.,
Jamieson Denise J.,
Horst Charles M.,
Adair Linda S.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.845.16
Subject(s) - breastfeeding , medicine , selenium , breast milk , lactation , zoology , plasma concentration , physiology , pregnancy , pediatrics , endocrinology , chemistry , biology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , genetics
Low dietary selenium (Se) intake coupled with low plasma Se concentrations in HIV infection could result in low breastmilk Se intake by exclusively breastfed infants of HIV+ women. HIV+ Malawian mothers in the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition study were randomized at delivery to receive daily lipid‐based nutrient supplements (LNS) containing 1 RDA of Se or no LNS. In a sub‐sample of 514 mothers and their uninfected infants, we measured plasma and breastmilk Se concentrations at 2 or 6 wk (depending on availability of infant samples) and 24 wk postpartum. Using linear regression, we found no association between LNS and maternal plasma or breastmilk at any time point. Subsequently, we analyzed the combined study arms. Mean maternal (81.1–86.1 ng/mL) and infant (55.6–60.7 ng/mL) plasma Se increased, while breastmilk Se levels declined (14.4–9.8 ng/mL) from 2 or 6 to 24 wk (all p<0.001). Estimated mean infant Se intakes (10.2 μg/d at 2 or 6 wk and 7.6 μg/d at 24 wk) met WHO recommendations. Higher breastmilk Se was associated with higher infant plasma Se at 2 or 6 and 24 wk (p<0.001), regardless of LNS arm. Similar patterns of change in Se levels in breastmilk and maternal and infant plasma have been documented and are probably physiological. The lack of Se supplementation effect may be related to the low dose (75 μg/d) compared to other trials. Support: CDC (U48‐ DP000059 –01), Gates Foundation (OPP53107)