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The Next Generation of Nucleic Acid Microarrays: Alternative, Multi‐stranded, Plasmid and Helical Transitional DNA and RNA Microarrays
Author(s) -
Verma Varun,
Gagna Claude,
Chagin Olga,
Chhatlani Roshan,
Ally Irshad,
Thomas Elizabeth,
Yang Xiao Feng,
Lambert W. Clark
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.804.2
Subject(s) - nucleic acid , dna microarray , dna , rna , biology , nucleic acid structure , microbiology and biotechnology , nucleic acid thermodynamics , biochemistry , plasmid , chemistry , gene , gene expression
Nucleic acids are dynamic biological entities, namely, alternative (e.g., Z‐RNA, Z‐DNA, A‐DNA) and multi‐stranded (e.g., triplex) DNAs. DNA microarrays [i.e., based on double‐stranded (ds‐) B‐DNA] are used for gene expression studies. The next generation of nucleic acid microarrays, namely, alternative, multistranded, plasmid and helical transitional DNA and RNA microarrays can be used to characterize nucleic acid structure, and DNA‐protein, RNA‐protein, nucleic acid‐protein‐protein, and nucleic acid‐protein‐ drug complexes for, unaltered ds‐, triple‐stranded and four‐stranded nucleic acids. It can be employed to discover drugs that bind to intact, nondenatured alternative and multi‐stranded DNAs and RNAs. Sequence‐ and helical‐specific DNA‐binding proteins can be characterized and studied with protein and/or drug interactions under different environmental conditions and different substrate surfaces. Unlike conventional microarrays, which are based on hybridization of two single‐stranded DNAs, the novel microarrays take advantage of nucleic acids that are intact, unaltered and non‐denatured. Nucleic acids can be used as partially free‐floating or fully immobilized, allowing for different approaches towards studying structure and function. This technology will allow for new ways to study nucleic acids and enhance drug discovery & development for curing diseases.