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Pan‐omic Approaches to Study the Effect of Microgravity on Skin Endothelial Cells Submitted to Endotoxic Insult
Author(s) -
Santos William J,
Waddy Edward,
Chakraborty Nabarun,
Gautam Aarti,
Hoke Allison,
Jett Marti,
Hammamieh Rasha
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.773.2
Subject(s) - lipopolysaccharide , immune system , transcriptome , immunology , biology , medicine , atrophy , wound healing , pathology , gene expression , gene , genetics
Microgravity enhances bacterial virulence but depresses host immune response. Presumably, pathogenic insults occurring in space may trigger altered immunological pathways in host cells. Understanding this paradigm is essential to establishing proper wound care management. In this study, human microvascular endothelial cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin commonly found in gram‐negative bacteria, for two different time periods (4 h and 8 h). At the end of each time point the cells were fixed in RLT buffer and maintained in a fixed state until after the Space Transport System (STS) ‐135 landed. Genomics and transcriptomics analysis using high density mRNA and miRNA arrays and coherent functional analysis revealed the arrest of certain key immunological networks, elevated risk of tumorogenesis and neurological degeneration as a result of microgravity. Eliciting more disease footprints like osteo‐atrophy and adenocarcinoma, LPS assault at reduced gravity appears more lethal than at terrestrial gravity. Reduced gravity further altered angeogenesis and vasulogenesis promoting rheumatoid arthritis, tumor growth, and wound repair, some of the common ailments noticed in astronauts. The results were validated using a proteomics panel investigated by Luminex platform, a classic ELISA assay.