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Cerebroprotective effects of selective head cooling during epileptic seizures
Author(s) -
Parfenova Helena,
Harsono Mimily,
Liu Jianxiong,
Basuroy Shyamali,
Jolly Elliott J,
Jongh Curry Amy,
Zhuang Daming,
Leffler Charles W.,
Pourcyrous Massroor
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.700.1
Subject(s) - cerebral blood flow , tunel assay , anesthesia , medicine , epilepsy , immunohistochemistry , psychiatry
Epileptic seizures in newborn pigs induce apoptosis in cerebral endothelial cells resulting in reduction of endothelial‐dependent cerebrovascular function. We hypothesized that selective head cooling during seizures reduces apoptosis and prevents postictal cerebral vascular endothelial dysfunction. Seizures were induced by bicuculline in anesthetized and pancuronium‐immobilized piglets. For selective head cooling, ice packs were placed around the skull during seizures. Head cooling decreased core temperature from 37.2 ± 0.2 to 35.3 ± 0.40 C and reduced pial arteriolar diameter and heart rate, whereas blood pressure was not altered. After 48 h of recovery, cerebral vascular responses to endothelium‐dependent dilators (bradykinin, glutamate, hemin) were assessed using cranial window microscopy. In the normal temperature group, apoptotic changes in cerebral vessels detected by TUNEL staining were accompanied by reduced vasodilator responses. In the head cooling group, no apoptotic cerebral vascular cells were detected, and cerebral vascular reactivity was preserved during postictal period. Overall, head cooling during seizures prevents apoptosis and sustained loss of cerebral vascular function. Cerebroprotective effects of head cooling counteract loss of cerebral blood flow regulation and may be beneficial for neuronal survival in neonatal seizures. The study is supported by NIH/NINDS.