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The effect of beta‐carotene on migration and invasion in SK‐N‐BE( 2)C neuroblastoma cells
Author(s) -
Kim YooSun,
Lee HyunAh,
Kim Yuri
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.639.16
Subject(s) - metastasis , mmp2 , matrix metalloproteinase , cancer research , vascular endothelial growth factor , hypoxia (environmental) , blot , neuroblastoma , biology , medicine , cancer , chemistry , endocrinology , cell culture , vegf receptors , gene , biochemistry , genetics , organic chemistry , oxygen
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the extracranial tumor of children. The invasive or metastatic NBs have poor clinical outcome, therefore, to understand the mechanism(s) that modulate cancer cell invasion is important to develop more effective chemotherapeutic agents. While Beta‐carotene (BC), the most active vitamin A precursor, has been previously shown to exert various antioxidant and anticancer effects, the anti‐metastatic effects of BC on NB cells remains poorly understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti‐metastatic effects of BC on highly malignant SK‐N‐BE( 2)C NB cells. We found that BC attenuated the migratory and invasive capabilities of the cells. The protein expression and enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP2) was also suppressed by BC under normoxia or hypoxia determined by western blotting and gelatin zymography assay respectively. BC down‐regulated the expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α), a well‐known tumor metastasis regulator and further down‐regulated its down‐stream genes, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and glucose transporter‐1 (GLUT‐1). In conclusion, the present study provided the first evidence that BC may be utilized as an effective chemotherapeutic agent by regulating invasion potential, thereby controlling the metastasis of neuroblastomas. [This research was financially supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (Project Number is 2012–0008169)] Grant Funding Source : National Research Foundation of Korea