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A‐type proanthocyanidins from cranberry inhibit the ability of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli to invade gut epithelial cells and resist killing by macrophages
Author(s) -
Shanmuganayagam Dhanansayan,
Johnson Rachael Erin,
Meudt Jennifer J,
Feliciano Rodrigo Pedro,
Kohlmann Kristin L,
Nechyporenko Anatoliy V,
Heintz Joseph A,
Krueger Christian G,
Reed Jess D
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.637.16
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , biology , vacuole , fimbria , virulence , cytoplasm , biochemistry , gene
Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) are the major cause of most varieties of extra‐intestinal infection, including urinary tract infection, septicemia, and neonatal meningitis. Persistence of ExPEC in the gut increases the risk of subsequent extraintestinal infection. The mechanisms of persistence and effects of dietary Atype proanthocyanidins (PAC) on the mechanisms are poorly understood. Using a strain of ExPEC expressing both P‐ and type‐1 fimbriae, we studied the ability of ExPEC to invade gut epithelial cells and resist killing by macrophages. We also determined the effects of PAC on these mechanisms. ExPEC attached to and invaded enterocytes by hijacking the host cytoskeletal system, and survived within intracellular vacuoles without causing overt pathology. The ExPEC also resisted post phagocytic killing by macrophages. Exposure of ExPEC to PAC significantly inhibited invasion in a PAC dose dependent manner; higher molecular weight PAC were more effective in inhibiting invasion. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that PAC exposure disrupted surface structures on ExPEC. PAC also induced agglutination of ExPEC and increased killing by macrophages. This study provides novel mechanisms by which ExPEC may persist in the gut and suggests potential use of PAC in preventing gut colonization by ExPEC. Research was funded by Wisconsin Cranberry Board and Cranberry Institute.