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Dietary patterns associated with hypertension among the low income urban population in Pakistan
Author(s) -
Safdar Nilofer Fatimi,
BertoneJohnson Elizabeth,
Cordeiro Lorraine,
Jafar Tazeen,
Cohen Nancy
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.622.11
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , analysis of variance , blood pressure , population , environmental health , logistic regression , demography , sociology
Hypertension affects 33% of the adult population in Pakistan. Various studies have shown the critical role of specific dietary patterns in the prevention and management of hypertension. However, the dietary determinants of hypertension in Pakistan remain unknown. In this study we aimed to identify dietary patterns from baseline food frequency data and assess their associations with hypertension in 5491 subjects from the Control of Hypertension and Risk Attenuation (COBRA) study, 2004. Factor analysis was used to identify the “fat and sweet”, “fruit and vegetable” and “seafood and yogurt” patterns with 20% variance in food intake. Associations between dietary patterns and subject characteristics were assessed using ANOVA and chi square tests. Odds of hypertension were higher in women and increased with age and BMI in both genders (<0.001). When adjusted for covariates, the seafood and yogurt (OR= 0.72: 95% CI: 0.61,0.84; p ‐value <0.001) and fruit and vegetable (OR =0.89: 95% CI: 0.80,0.99; p ‐value= 0.039) patterns were inversely related with hypertension, whereas no significant association was seen for the fat and sweet pattern. Our findings suggests that specific dietary patterns may have a role in regulating blood pressure in this population, however, more prospective studies are needed.