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Detection of the endocannabinoid metabolome in human plasma and breast milk
Author(s) -
Durham Holiday A,
Wood JodiAnne T,
Vadivel Subramanian K,
Makriyannis Alexandros,
LammiKeefe Carol J
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.45.8
Subject(s) - metabolome , anandamide , pregnancy , endocannabinoid system , endocrinology , medicine , breast milk , chemistry , leptin , metabolite , andrology , biology , biochemistry , agonist , receptor , cannabinoid receptor , obesity , genetics
The endocannabinoid metabolome (ENDOMET), endogenous cannabinoids that are lipid messengers, is critical for early development, including fertilization, implantation and pre‐ and postpartum (PP). The regulation underlying these physiological effects remains to be completely elucidated. We evaluated the ENDOMET in plasma of i) non‐pregnant (n=6) and pregnant women (20–22weeks‐ delivery, n=68) and ii) breast milk (BM) at 2 and 10 weeks PP (n= 20). The plasma and BM ENDOMETs [arachidonoyl ethanolamide (ET) (AEA), palmitoyl ET (PEA), oleoyl ET (OEA), docosahexaenoyl ET (DHEA), 2‐arachidonol glycerol (GLY) (2‐AG), 2‐palmitoyl GLY (PEA), and 2‐oleoyl GLY (2‐OG)] were measured using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. ANOVA determined differences in the ENDOMET across time. Results plasma ETs increase with pregnancy and peak at delivery (AEA, PEA, OEA, DHEA, p<0.01); GLYs decrease during pregnancy and are stable (2‐AG, p=0.14; 2‐PG, p=0.07, 2‐OG, p=0.02). While BM ETs are considerably lower than plasma ET in pregnancy, BM levels remain stable during PP. BM GLYs are higher than plasma GLYs in late pregnancy. 2‐OG and 2‐AG decrease during PP (p=0.02; 0.05). Plasma and BM ETs are much lower in concentrations than GLYs. Our data point to a reciprocal relationship between ETs and GLYs during pregnancy and PP. Work is needed to better understand how maternal plasma and BM ENDOs regulate pre‐and postnatal outcomes.