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Energy‐density and macronutrient profiles of samples of infant formula provided by low‐income mothers of formula‐feeding infants at ~2 and ~4 months of age
Author(s) -
Kavanagh Katherine F,
Nicklas Jennifer C,
Burney Janie L,
Greer Betty P
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.37.1
Subject(s) - energy density , medicine , infant formula , calorie , bottle , zoology , fluid ounce (us) , infant feeding , mathematics , breast feeding , pediatrics , biology , endocrinology , geography , archaeology , thermodynamics , physics , theoretical physics
The objective was to analyze samples of prepared infant formula, collected from formula‐feeding mothers, and to evaluate the energy‐density and macronutrient profiles in relation to infant weight variables. Subjects were low‐income mothers of formulafed infants < 3 months of age at recruitment. Mothers collected 1‐ounce samples of bottle contents for 24 hours, at two time points. Infants were weighed within 3 days of sample collection. Data were also collected on maternal use of infant cereal in the bottle. Samples were analyzed for moisture, protein, fat, and ash content. Carbohydrate content was determined by difference. Fifty‐four mothers provided ~7 samples per time point. Preliminary results indicate the percent calorie contribution from macronutrients was similar at both time points: protein ‐ 9.4% and 10.1%; fat ‐ 44.5% and 44.4%; and carbohydrate ‐ 46.1% and 45.6%, at ~2 and ~4 months, respectively. Assuming formula‐only content, energy‐density was 21.2 and 21.0 kcals/ounce at ~2 and ~4 months, respectively. However, dichotomization into cereal‐users and nonusers indicated that cereal‐users provided bottle contents with significantly greater energy‐density (23.4 and 22.1 kcal/ounce) than non‐users (19.9 and 19.6 kcal/ounce), at ~2 (p=0.001) and ~4 (p=0.039), respectively. Results relating energy‐density and macronutrient profile to infant weigh variables are pending and will be discussed.