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A diet high in saturated fat and low in calcium is more detrimental to bone health of male Wistar rats than a fructose‐rich diet
Author(s) -
Castelli Laura M,
Miotto Paula M,
Bruce W Robert,
Ward Wendy E
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.356.1
Subject(s) - fructose , medicine , endocrinology , oxidative stress , bone mineral , insulin resistance , calcium , bone density , femur , chemistry , insulin , osteoporosis , food science , surgery
Dietary factors can have major metabolic effects through a pathway to energy excess, insulin resistance, insulinemia and diabetes; or through a pathway to decreased calcium availability, intestinal barrier failure, bacterial translocation, inflammation and oxidative stress. The latter path is known to affect bone structure and strength, but there is no direct evidence on a possible interaction with processes affecting the development of insulin resistance. Our objective was to determine which dietary components – high saturated fat and low calcium (referred to as the oxidative stress diet) or high fructose ‐ is more detrimental to bone strength and quality in male Wistar rats. Rats were fed 1 of 4 diets for 8 weeks: control, oxidative stress diet (OX), oxidative stress plus fructose diet (OX + fructose), or fructose diet. Strength at femur midpoint and neck, and third lumbar vertebra, were measured using a materials testing system. Whole femur, 1/3 proximal femur, and lumbar spine bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual x‐ray absorptiometry. Body weights of fructose‐fed rats were lower (P=0.016) than OX‐fed rats. Rats fed the OX and OX + fructose diet had lower (P<0.001) peak load, BMC and BMD compared to rats fed control and fructose diet. Diets rich in saturated fat and low in calcium resulted in weaker femur and spine, but a diet rich in fructose did not affect bone health.