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Alternate day fasting with a high fat diet: Impact on body weight, body composition, and coronary heart disease risk profile in obese adults
Author(s) -
Klempel Monica C,
Kroeger Cynthia M,
Varady Krista A
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.349.1
Subject(s) - intermittent fasting , waist , weight loss , low fat diet , medicine , obesity , zoology , endocrinology , coronary heart disease , biology
Background Alternate day fasting (ADF) with a low‐fat (LF) diet is effective for weight loss and cardio‐protection. However, the applicability of these findings is questionable as most Americans consume a high‐fat (HF) diet. This study examined if these beneficial changes in weight and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk can be reproduced if a HF diet is used in place of a LF diet during ADF. Methods Thirty‐two obese subjects were randomized to an ADF‐HF (45% fat) or ADF‐LF diet (25% fat), which consisted of two phases: 1) a 2‐week baseline weight maintenance period, and 2) an 8‐week ADF weight loss period. All food was provided to subjects. Results Body weight was reduced (P < 0.0001) by ADF‐HF (5 ± 1%) and by ADF‐LF (4 ± 1%). Fat mass decreased (P < 0.0001) by ADF‐HF (5 ± 1 kg) and ADF‐LF (4 ± 1 kg). Fat free mass remained unchanged. Waist circumference decreased (P < 0.001) by ADF‐HF (7 ( 1 cm) and ADF‐LF (7 ( 1 cm). LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations were reduced (P < 0.01) by both interventions (ADF‐HF: 18 ( 5%, 14 ( 5%; ADF‐LF: 24 ( 3%, 14 ( 4%). The proportion of small LDL particles decreased (P < 0.05) in the ADF‐HF and ADF‐LF groups by 8 ( 3% and 10 ( 4%. Conclusion Thus, an ADF‐HF diet produces similar reductions in weight and CHD risk as an ADF‐LF diet. These findings are important in terms of diet tolerability and long‐term adherence to ADF diets.