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The uremic molecule p‐cresol is lowered after supplementing the diet of chronic kidney disease patients with fiber
Author(s) -
Salmean Younis,
Dahl Wendy J
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.225.3
Subject(s) - medicine , renal function , kidney disease , inulin , gastroenterology , p cresol , dietary fiber , quality of life (healthcare) , chemistry , food science , nursing , organic chemistry
CKD patients suffer from uremic symptoms thought to be caused by accumulation of various uremic molecules. Our aim was to determine the effects of fiber on uremic symptoms, quality of life (QoL), p‐cresol and eGFR in CKD patients. A control period (2 wks) was followed a lower fiber period (4 wks; 10 g/d pea hull fiber) and a higher fiber intervention (6 wks; 10 g/d pea hull fiber and 15.0 g/d of inulin). Symptoms and QoL were determined by the KDQOL‐36™, bowel habits by 5‐day journals, plasma p‐cresol by GC‐MS, and kidney function was estimated with CKD‐EPI. Participants (n=13; 6M, 7F) completed the study. No significant changes in overall QoL were observed. “Dry Skin” improved (69±11 to 88±6, p<0.05), as did “Numbness in Hands and Feet” (65±9 to 83±6, p < 0.05). Daily bowel movement frequency increased from 1.4±0.2 to 1.9±0.3/d after 4 and 10 wks of treatment (p<0.05). p‐Cresol decreased from 7.25±1.74 μg/L to 5.82±1.72 μg/L (24%) with treatment (p<0.05 with transformed mean), and 37% in participants who consumed ≥70% of the inulin from 6.71±1.98 μg/L to 4.22±1.16 μg/L (p<0.05). eGFR improved from 42.4±5.0 mL/min/173m2 to 46.2±6 mL/min/173m2 (p<0.05) at 7 wks, but decreased to 44±5 mL/min/173m2 (p=0.07) at study end. Supplementing the diet of CKD patients with fiber may be a dietary therapy to reduce p‐cresol and may improve uremic symptoms. Supported by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers.