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Pharmacologically‐Induced Alterations in Gastrointestinal Motility Affects Regional Colonic Microbial Assemblage
Author(s) -
Touw Ketrija,
Wang Yunwei,
Huang Edmond,
Leone Vanessa,
Chang Eugene
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1164.3
Subject(s) - bacteroidetes , cecum , firmicutes , loperamide , biology , irritable bowel syndrome , gut flora , motility , microbiology and biotechnology , microbiome , population , lactobacillus , gastrointestinal tract , medicine , gastroenterology , diarrhea , bacteria , immunology , 16s ribosomal rna , ecology , bioinformatics , biochemistry , genetics , environmental health
Recent studies have implicated a role of gut microbes in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, it is largely unknown how changes in motility affect the gut microbiome. In this study we sought to determine how delayed gastrointestinal (GI) motility affects the colonic microbial population. Adult C57Bl/6 mice treated with 0.1% Loperamide in drinking water for 7 days to induce constipation. Loperamide treated mice had two fold increase in whole gut transit time and two fold decrease in stool output, indicating constipation. Bacterial DNA from stool and cecum samples were extracted and analyzed by T‐RFLP, HiSeq and 16S rRNA clone‐library screening. Taxon assignments based on 16S rRNA profiles showed greater abundance of Bacteroidetes in stool than Firmicutes in cecal samples of constipated mice versus controls. In contrast, Loperamide increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes in the cecum. The most significant changes in bacterial species were Prevotella, Parabacteroides and Lactobacillus. Overall, these results suggest that delayed GI transit significantly alters the enteric microbiome in a regional and taxon specific manner. These changes are likely to be associated with alterations in functional profiles of gut microbiota that can impact physiological host response, and, in some instances, cause motility disturbances that become symptomatic and contribute to IBS.