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Comparative effects of high velocity and low velocity power training on muscle performance, muscle mass and functional ability in mobility‐limited elders: a randomized trial
Author(s) -
Reid Kieran F,
Martin Kimberly I,
Doros Gheorghe,
Clark David J,
Patten Carolynn,
Phillips Edward M,
Hau Cynthia,
Frontera Walter R,
Fielding Roger A
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1150.2
Subject(s) - muscle mass , functional training , physical medicine and rehabilitation , randomized controlled trial , medicine , muscle strength , strength training , muscle power , physical therapy , skeletal muscle
We compared the effects of two uniquely different power training interventions on muscle performance, functional ability and muscle mass in mobility‐limited elders. Fifty‐five older adults (78 ± 5yrs, SPPB Score: 8.1 ± 1) were randomized to either 16 weeks of lower force, high velocity (HI) or higher force, low velocity (LOW) power training. Both groups completed 3 sets of leg and knee extension exercises at maximum voluntary velocity, 2 times per week, at 40% of 1‐repetition maximum (1RM) in HI or 70% of 1RM in LOW. At follow‐up, both HI & LOW exhibited significant within‐group increases of peak power (32 ± 11% vs. 43 ± 11%), contraction velocity (15 ± 7% vs. 20 ± 7%), strength (16 ± 4% vs. 21 ± 4%) and SPPB score (1.4 ± 0.3 vs. 1.8 ± 0.3 units), respectively (P < 0.03). Between‐group differences were not evident for any changes in muscle performance or functional ability (P >; 0.25). No within or between group differences in muscle mass were elicited (P >; 0.25). Lighter load, higher velocity power training can yield significant and comparable improvements in muscle performance and functional ability compared to more intensive higher load, lower velocity power training in mobility‐limited elders. Such findings may be mediated by non muscle mass factors and may have important implications for optimizing practical exercise interventions for older adults with mobility limitations. Supported by USDA 58–1950‐0–014 & NIA RO1‐AG18844