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Further studies on the sensory motor integration of gill lateral cilia in the bivalve mollusc Crassostrea virginica
Author(s) -
Williams Patricka,
Akande Patrick,
Catapane Edward J.,
Carroll Margaret A.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1120.1
Subject(s) - mantle (geology) , sensory system , anatomy , biology , neuroscience , paleontology
Lateral gill cilia of Crassostrea virginica are controlled by serotonin‐dopamine innervation. The motor aspects have been well studied, but the sensory side has not. We studied effects of sensory stimulations to mantle on beating of gill cilia of C. virginica . Applying Isochrysis, a food source, to mantle rim increased beating, whereas crab extract reduced it. The responses were abolished by cutting nervous innervation to gill. Stimulating mantle nerves increased beating. Histamine, which does not alter beating when applied to gill, decreased beating when applied to mantle. This was not seen when nervous innervation to gill was transected suggesting histamine maybe a neurotransmitter of mantle receptor cells that synapse with afferents going to the visceral ganglia. The neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, acetylcholine, GABA and FMRFamide had no effect on beating when applied to mantle rim. The study shows sensory‐motor integration of beating of lateral cilia involving the sensory mantle rim and visceral and cerebral ganglia. It appears animals sense harmful cues and food, and adjust gill cilia beating appropriately. The results also suggest the sensory apparatus involved are sensory nerves that send axons to the visceral ganglia, and sensory receptor cells that synapse in the mantle rim with afferent neurons. Supported by 2R25GM06003 of NIGMS, 0516041171 of NYSDOE and 0622197 of NSF.