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Characterization and quantitation of bioactive compounds in date fruit seed using UPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐MS
Author(s) -
Habib Hosam,
Platat Carine,
Ibrahim Wissam
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1079.36
Subject(s) - flavonols , chemistry , proanthocyanidin , flavones , depolymerization , polyphenol , trimer , tannin , catechin , dimer , flavan , organic chemistry , stereochemistry , food science , chromatography , antioxidant
Date fruit seeds have been shown to possess antioxidant activity and to constitute a significant source of antioxidants. However, the exact natures of these bioactive compounds and their quantities have not been thoroughly investigated. These compounds are being reported here for the first time in date seed. Two analyses were performed: 1) an analysis of simple phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, flavones, flavan‐3‐ols monomers and dimers and trimers), 2) an analysis of all flavan‐3‐ ols (monomers, oligomers, and polymers proanthocyanidins) after depolymerization. The amount of total polyphenols before depolymerization was found to be 2.193 mg/g date seed. Protocatechuic acid was 0.079 mg/g, flavan‐3‐ols (dimer B1, trimer, catechin, trimer, dimer B2, and epicatechin) were 1.65 mg/g, flavones or flavonols (apigenin di‐C‐hexoside, quercetin glucoside derivative, flavonol or flavone derivative, Kampferol derivative, luteolin derivative) were 0.07 mg/g, while hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeoyl shikimic acid and caffeoyl shikimic acid) were 0.39 mg/g. The analysis of constituent units of proanthocyanidins after depolymerization revealed 50.18 mg/g flavan‐3‐ols with 93.28% epicatechin and 6.72% catechin. These results indicate that date seeds represent a very rich source of bioactive compounds that can be used as functional food additives and nutraceuticals.