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Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of anti‐inflammatory polyacetylenes from celeriac (Apium graveolens L.)
Author(s) -
Metzger Brandon T.,
Waksmonski James C.,
Thompson Amber L.,
Barnes David M.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1079.34
Subject(s) - chemistry , apium graveolens , supercritical fluid extraction , chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , solvent , ethyl acetate , supercritical fluid , ethanol , botany , biochemistry , organic chemistry , biology
Celeriac is an agricultural root crop and source of secondary plant defense compounds called polyacetylenes (PAC's). PAC's inhibit lipid transport enzymes, up regulate phase II liver detoxification enzymes, are cytotoxic to cancer cells, and potent antiinflammatory modulators. SFE of PAC's has been reported, but extraction parameters have not been optimized. A full factorial experiment was designed to test extraction parameters of temperature, pressure, and ethanol co‐solvent addition at a solvent‐to‐ feed ratio of 100. The dried feed stock contained 4.5x's the amount of PAC's compared to purple carrots. Optimal extraction conditions were low temperature (40°C), high pressure (500 bar), and high ethanol co‐solvent (20% w/w). Pressure had a larger effect (F <0.0001) on extraction of falcarinol and falcarindiol than temperature (F = 0.13 and 0.02 respectively), which was also dependent on co‐solvent amount (F = 0.0009). Under optimal extraction conditions, 1.7% of the starting dry weight, or 47% of the total lipids were extracted and up to 43% of falcarindiol was obtained compared to exhaustive ethyl acetate extraction. Ethyl acetate extracts of celeriac inhibited (IC50) pro‐inflammatory cyclooxygenases (Cox‐1 and Cox‐2) at concentrations of 0.26 and 0.06 mg/mL respectively. SFE extraction of dried celeriac root offers potential as an industrial scale enrichment process of antiinflammatory PAC's.