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Dietary fat source alters hepatic gene expression profile and determines the type of liver pathology in rats overfed via total enteral nutrition
Author(s) -
Ronis Martin,
Baumgardner January,
Marecki John,
Henning Leah,
Wu Xianli,
Shankar Kartik,
Cleves Mario,
GomezAcevedo Horacio,
Badger Thomas
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1072.2
Subject(s) - steatosis , medicine , oxidative stress , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , fatty liver , endocrinology , necrosis , inflammation , fibrosis , disease
To determine if dietary fat type influences nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), male SD rats were overfed low (5%) or high (70%) fat diets containing olive oil (OO), corn oil (CO) or echium oil (EO) using total enteral nutrition (TEN) for 21 d. Overfeeding 5% CO or 5% EO diets resulted in less steatosis than 5% OO (P< 0.05). Significant differences in hepatic gene expression signatures were associated with greater fatty acid synthesis, ChREBP and SREBP‐1c signaling, and increased fatty acid transport (P<0.05) in the 5% OO compared to 5% CO group. The OO groups had macrosteatosis, but no evidence of oxidative stress or necrosis. The 70% CO and 70% EO groups had a mixture of micro‐ and macrosteatosis or only microsteatosis, respectively; increased oxidative stress; and increased necrotic injury relative to their respective 5% groups (P<0.05). Oxidative stress and necrosis correlated with peroxidizability of hepatic triglycerides. Increased antioxidant pathways and lower expression of genes linked to inflammation and fibrosis were observed in the 70% OO relative to the 70% CO group. When 70% OO diet was overfed for 50 d there was no progression of injury beyond simple steatosis. Therefore, dietary fat type influences the progression of NAFLD and a Mediterranean diet high in olive oil may reduce the risk of NAFLD progressing to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Supported in part by USDA, ARS‐CRIS 6251–51000‐005–004S.