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Adaptive thermogenic response to over and underfeeding occurs acutely
Author(s) -
O'Connor Annalouise,
Luo Weijun,
Galanko Joseph,
Brouwer Cory,
Swick Andrew G.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1069.2
Subject(s) - thermogenesis , medicine , energy expenditure , resting energy expenditure , specific dynamic action , basal metabolic rate , adaptive response , weight gain , endocrinology , obesity , physiology , body weight , biology , genetics
Adaptive thermogenesis in response to underfeeding (UF) and overfeeding (OF) may impact an individual's risk of weight gain and ability to lose weight. Studies have reported energy expenditure (EE) changes after 72hrs of UF or OF. However we hypothesize that adaptive responses occur acutely and aimed to determine whether the EE response to UF and OF is detectable within 24hrs. 7 over‐weight post‐menopausal women completed a eucaloric feeding day in the metabolic chamber at UNC NRI to ascertain baseline energy requirements. Subjects were randomized to receive 72hrs of OF (150% of requirements) or UF (50% of requirements) in a cross‐over fashion, each separated by 2 weeks. 24hr EE was measured 3 times during each 72hour period. Macronutrient composition of all test meals was 30%E fat, 55%E carbohydrate and 15%E protein. A repeated regression measures mode with change in EE as the response, and time, treatment order, and pre‐treatment weight and energy intake as predictors was conducted. EE changed significantly within 24‐hours of both OF and UF. 24hr responses did not differ significantly from those at 72hrs. Resting (RMR) and sleeping metabolic rate (SMR) and diet‐induced thermogenesis (DIT) were significantly increased with OF only. That EE response to UF and OF occurs within 24hrs suggests acute energy sensing. Ongoing ‘omics profiling aims to understand mechanisms governing acute EE adaptation. Grant Funding Source : UNC NORC NIH grant #DK056350