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The effect of before meal consumption of fluid milks and substitutes on short‐term food intake, appetite and glycemic response in healthy young men and women
Author(s) -
Panahi Shirin,
Luhovyy Bohdan L.,
Liu Ting Ting,
Akhavan Tina,
Anderson G. Harvey
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.819.22
Subject(s) - meal , appetite , food science , orange juice , glycemic , glycemic index , ingestion , chemistry , medicine , zoology , insulin , endocrinology , biology
We hypothesized that consuming milk before and between meals compared with substitutes or orange juice is better for appetite and glycemic control. Two experiments compared the effect of consuming at 30 (Experiment 1) or 120 min (Experiment 2) before a pizza meal, isovolumetric (500 ml) amounts of water, soy beverage (SB; 200 kcal), 2% milk (M; 260 kcal), 1% chocolate milk (CM; 340 kcal), orange juice (OJ; 229 kcal) and cow's milk‐based infant formula (IF; 368 kcal) on appetite, food intake (FI) and blood glucose (BG) before and after a meal in healthy young men and women. Compared to water, all preloads reduced pre‐meal appetite (P = 0.0008). Pre‐meal ingestion of CM and IF reduced FI by 14% (880 ± 72 kcal) and 12% (905 ± 79 kcal), respectively (P = 0.0007) compared to water (1022 ± 75 kcal) at 30 min, but no preloads reduced FI at 2 h. Blood glucose was higher after CM than other caloric preloads from 0 to 30 min and after CM and OJ from 0 to 120 min (P < 0.0001). Only M reduced post‐meal BG in both experiments (P < 0.0001) and its effects were independent of meal time energy intake. Overall pre‐ and post‐meal BG was lower after M than after CM and OJ, but did not differ from water or IF (P = 0.005). Thus, pre‐meal consumption of 2% milk provided better glycemic response than other beverages, however, calorie content and inter‐meal intervals were primary determinants of their effects on FI. Grant Funding Source : Dairy Farmers of Ontario, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Kraft Canada