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Yogurt, dairy, calcium, and vitamin D intake are associated with lower body fat measures in US children: Results from NHANES 2005–2008
Author(s) -
Keast Debra R,
Albertson Ann M,
Gugger Carolyn K,
Holschuh Norton M
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.811.15
Subject(s) - waist , medicine , vitamin d and neurology , overweight , national health and nutrition examination survey , obesity , zoology , endocrinology , population , environmental health , biology
This study examined the associations between obesity measures, dairy and yogurt consumption, and intakes of calcium (CA), and vitamin D (VIT D) among American children. Using 1‐day dietary recall data from NHANES 2005–2008, children aged 8–18 yr (n=3,786) were classified by CA and VIT D intake tertiles, and dairy consumption: <1 (30%), 1‐<2 (29%), or 2+ servings (41%). Yogurt consumers (Y‐C) (8.5%) and nonconsumers (Y‐NC) (91.5%) were defined using 2‐day intake. After adjusting for gender, ethnicity, age, and energy (Model 1), dairy consumption was positively associated with intake of CA, and VIT D (p<0.01); and Y‐C had higher intakes than Y‐NC (p<0.01). In Model 1, Y‐C also had lower (p<0.05) BMI (21.3±0.3 vs. 22.0±0.2 kg/m 2 ), overweight/obesity prevalence (27.2±4.0 vs. 36.1±1.9 %), waist circumference (74.5±1.0 vs. 76.9±0.5 cm), and subscapular skinfold (11.2±0.6 vs. 12.9±0.3 mm) than Y‐NC. With physical activity and other covariates added to Model 1, Y‐C had lower waist circumference (74.5±1.0 vs. 77.0±0.5 cm). Subscapular skinfold was lower for Y‐C than Y‐NC (11.3±0.6 vs. 12.9±0.3 mm), for consumers of 2+ vs. <1 dairy servings (12.3±0.2 vs. 13.4±0.3 mm), and for high vs. low tertiles of CA (12.2±0.3 vs. 13.4±0.3 mm) and VIT D (12.1±0.3 vs. 13.3±0.3 mm). The high VIT D tertile also had lower overweight/obesity prevalence (32.2±2.5 vs. 39.8±1.9 %). These results suggest that lower body fatness of yogurt and dairy consumers may be due to the high CA and VIT D content of dairy foods. Supported by the Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc., Minneapolis, MN.