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Acute dietary nitrate consumption improves glucose tolerance
Author(s) -
Scalzo Rebecca Lynn,
Peltonen Garrett L.,
Schweder Melani M.,
Szaller Steve E.,
Binns Scott E.,
Wood Lacey M.,
Klochak Anna L.,
Bell Christopher
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.686.26
Subject(s) - nitrate , nitrate reductase , nitrite , chemistry , bioavailability , food science , insulin resistance , nitric oxide , medicine , sucrose , endocrinology , carbohydrate , insulin , diabetes mellitus , zoology , biochemistry , pharmacology , biology , organic chemistry
Insulin resistance is characterized by low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Consistent with this observation, insulin sensitivity is improved with stimulation of NO generating pathways. Consumption of dietary nitrate (e.g. beet juice) has been purported to increase NO formation, mediated in part through the reduction of nitrate (NO 3 − ) to nitrite (NO 2 − ) by oral bacteria, and subsequent NO 2 − reduction to NO in blood. We hypothesized that acute dietary nitrate consumption would improve glucose tolerance. Accordingly, in 8 sedentary adults (23 ± 0 years, body mass index: 26.0 ± 0.8 kg/m 2 (mean ± SE)) we determined the blood glucose response to oral consumption of 500 ml organic beet juice, supplemented with 25 g of sucrose (estimated carbohydrate load ~ 75g), with and without prior use of an antibacterial mouthwash to inhibit NO 3 − reduction to NO 2 − . In the absence of inhibition of oral bacteria NO 3 − reductase activity, peak blood glucose concentration (106 ± 4 vs . 118 ± 6 mg/dL; P = 0.04) and the area under the blood glucose response curve (93 ± 4%; P = 0.07) were decreased. These preliminary data suggest dietary nitrate consumption may promote glucose tolerance, and this effect may be attenuated following inhibition of NO 3 − conversion to NO 2 − . Support: America Diabetes Association 1‐09‐RA‐09