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Breakfast and Ready‐to‐Eat Cereal Consumption is Associated with Improved Markers of Cardio‐metabolic Health in Adults: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001 – 2008
Author(s) -
Sanders Lisa M,
Miller Kevin B,
Fulgoni Victor
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.626.21
Subject(s) - national health and nutrition examination survey , medicine , logistic regression , odds ratio , metabolic syndrome , health examination , odds , breakfast cereal , incidence (geometry) , zoology , food science , obesity , biology , environmental health , population , mathematics , geometry
The objective of this study was to examine the association of breakfast, in particular ready to eat cereal (RTEC) consumption, with cardio‐metabolic health measures in adults 19–50 years (n=9292) using NHANES, 2001–2008. Using the first dietary recall, breakfast consumption was self‐defined by participants (n=6848) and any amount of RTEC for breakfast defined RTEC consumption (n=1148). Least square means ± SE were determined by regression analysis and odds ratios for risk factors were determined by logistic regression with adjustment for covariates. Compared to other breakfasts, RTEC breakfast was associated with a lower incidence (%±SE) of elevated BP (21±0.2 v 25±0.1, p<0.05), elevated blood glucose (27±0.2 v 34±0.1, p<0.003) and metabolic syndrome (20±0.1 v 25±0.1, p<0.007). RTEC breakfast was associated with lower LDL‐cholesterol (110.8±1.8 v 116.8±1.4, p<0.02) and lower fasting glucose (96.8±0.6 v 98.7±0.7, p<0.03) compared to breakfast skippers. RTEC breakfast consumers were also less likely to have elevated BP (OR=0.64; CI=0.50–0.82), elevated triglycerides (OR=0.69; CI=0.52–0.93), elevated fasting glucose (OR=0.57; CI=0.43–0.77), or metabolic syndrome (OR=0.50; CI=0.40–0.64). Consumers of other breakfasts showed a similar risk reduction, but odds ratios were slightly higher (0.70–0.85) than for RTEC (0.40–0.59). These data suggest breakfast consumption, particularly RTEC, is associated with improved markers of cardio‐metabolic health in adults. (Supported by Kellogg Company)