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A one year high protein, low fat weight loss diet improves body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight males
Author(s) -
Wycherley Thomas,
Brinkworth Grant,
Clifton Peter,
Noakes Manny
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.387.2
Subject(s) - overweight , medicine , obesity , composition (language) , endocrinology , weight loss , cholesterol , body fat percentage , zoology , biology , philosophy , linguistics
Objective To evaluate the effects of two energy matched, low fat, hypocaloric diets differing in carbohydrate to protein ratio, on body composition and cardiometabolic health outcomes in overweight males. Methods 120 males (age 50.8±9.3 yrs, BMI 33.0±3.9 kg/m 2 ) were randomly assigned to a low fat, isocaloric, energy restricted diet (7MJ/day) with either high protein (HP; Pro:Carb:Fat % energy, 35:40:25) or standard protein (SP; 17:58:25). Body weight, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors were assessed at baseline and after one year. Results 68 participants completed the study (HP n=33; SP n=35). Both groups experienced similar reductions in body weight (HP −12.3±8.0 kg [−12%]; SP −10.9±8.6 kg [−11%]) and fat mass (HP − 9.9±6.0 kg [−27%]; SP −7.3±5.8 kg [−22%]), P>0.11 time x group. Participants who consumed the HP diet lost less fat free mass (−2.6±3.7 kg [−4%] vs. −3.8±4.7 kg [−6%]), P<0.01. Both groups experienced a similar overall increase in HDL cholesterol (8%) and reductions in total cholesterol (−7%), LDL cholesterol (−9%), triglycerides (−24%), glucose (−3%), insulin (−38%), blood pressure (−7/−12%) and C‐reactive protein (−29%), P≥0.14. Conclusions In overweight and obese males, a HP and SP diet similarly reduce body weight and improve cardiometabolic health outcomes. A HP diet was more effective for improving body composition. Research support provided by Meat and Livestock Australia.