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Simultaneous Analysis of B‐Vitamins in Human Milk
Author(s) -
Hampel Daniela,
Allen Lindsay H.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.268.4
Subject(s) - riboflavin , nicotinamide , pyridoxal , vitamin , chemistry , thiamine , lactation , food science , chromatography , biochemistry , biology , pregnancy , enzyme , genetics
Poor maternal intake of B‐vitamins during lactation can result in both maternal depletion and infant deficiency, with associated health risks. Little is known about infant requirements; recommendations are generally based on Adequate Intakes (AI), which have been estimated by analysis of few samples using outdated and time consuming methods. To enable the simultaneous analysis of thiamin, riboflavin, FAD, nicotinamide and pyridoxal in human milk, we have developed a rapid method based on Ultra‐Performance‐Liquid‐Chromatography Tandem Mass‐Spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS). Samples were subjected to protein precipitation and removal of non‐polar constituents by diethyl ether prior to analysis. Quantification was done by multiple point internal standard analysis. The standard addition method determined recovery rates for each vitamin (70 – 110%). Analysis of 20 human milk samples from different countries revealed that the vitamin concentration in human milk varies by geographic origin (p‐value < 0.05) and only vitamin B2 concentration met the DRI values in all regions. These analyses will be expanded to additional samples and populations.Vitamin [mg/L] DRI USA median Cameroon median China median India medianThiamin 0.2 0.06 0.12 0.03 0.03Riboflavin + FAD 0.35 0.47 0.47 0.32 0.25Nicotinamide 1.8 1.08 0.16 0.08 0.30Pyridoxal 0.13 0.04 0.28 0.36 0.31