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Maternal fat gain modulates insulin response among overweight/obese women
Author(s) -
De Haene Jessica,
Murphy Elizabeth,
Stotland Naomi,
Barros Viviana Ruiz,
Hernandez Gabriela,
Rodriguez Marcela Perez,
Castaneda Diana,
Havel Peter J,
King Janet C
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
the faseb journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.709
H-Index - 277
eISSN - 1530-6860
pISSN - 0892-6638
DOI - 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.252.5
Subject(s) - leptin , overweight , medicine , weight gain , endocrinology , insulin resistance , insulin , gestation , birth weight , obesity , gestational diabetes , pregnancy , body weight , biology , genetics
Gestational weight gain recommendations for varying pre‐pregnancy body mass indexes (PPBMI) are based on healthy pregnancy outcomes. However, among overweight/obese women, the composition of weight gain might be a better indicator of underlying metabolic alterations (i.e., insulin resistance (IR) and/or inflammatory processes). We compared indicators of IR and inflammation between overweight/obese pregnant women, divided into 2 groups: 1) Low fat gain (LFG) ≤0.5 kg and 2) High fat gain (HFG) >0.5 kg, @ 20–34wk gestation. Body composition was estimated using body density. Women were normoglycemic. Weight gain was 3.9±3.0kg in the LFG group (n=24) and 6.9±2.9 kg in the HFG group (n=30); p<0.001. The LFG group lost − 1.2±1.5 kg of fat mass and the HFG group gained 2.9±1.8kg. Glucose & insulin areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated from a 100g OGTT completed at 20 and 34wk gestation. Fasting leptin, cortisol and CRP were also determined. Birth outcomes were obtained from medical records. Increases in leptin, and insulin AUC were significantly greater in the HFG group vs the LFG after controlling for PPBMI: Leptin (−1.1±1.8 vs 1.9±1.3 ng/mL; p<0.017); insulin AUC (51.9±25.6 vs 120.2±30.0uU/hr/mL; p<0.048). No differences were found between changes in CRP, cortisol or glucose AUC between groups. Newborn weight and gestational age at birth were not different between groups. In conclusion, lower fat gain among overweight/obese women during the last half of pregnancy may improve maternal insulin sensitivity without affecting fetal growth. Funded by NIH grant # R01HD46741